It’s a bigger question than you know.
Open science means you have to preserve and provide your data to the public. But some data is BIG. Who pays to host? Publishers require the authors do it. How much do you post? energy cost? Balance against access?
Thinking about my recent paper, raw output was about 5 TB. Processed and Pared that Way down to several 100s GB because I don’t have that kind of cloud available to me.
Tape = cheap and can be mostly non energy consuming until needed.