@jarey thanks for pointing out that plugin. I had misinterpreted it's functionality before. When I saw "Max upvote weigh (points)" I assumed you could only use that configuration to scale the upvote-to-reputation ratio based on the reputation of the user doing the voting.
For others that run into a similar issue. Using the plugin Jarey pointed out, if you'd like to make 1 upvote = 10 reputation I was able to do that by setting:
Max upvote weigh (points) = 9
Since the default weight is 1 upvote = 1 reputation, and this plug in then adds the additional 9 reputation.