That list reflects the activated plugins on your forum, ignoring whether or not they are installed. You can fix it by disabling the plugins via running ./nodebb reset -p [plugin name] for each plugin.
In the future, make sure you disable the plugins before removing them.
To be honest I think that the actual issue here is a plugin or a poor setup overall, if not even a custom javascript interefering with one of NodeBB's internals. As of now I had no longs from 0.7.x and up.
